WW2 ARMY STERLING SILVER GLIDER BADGE + JAPAN OCCUP MEDAL W/ CLASP -RARE- 123Design.org

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Item: 116369366930

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Conflict:WW II (1939-45)
Original/Reproduction:Original
Theme:Militaria
Country/Region of Manufacture:Japan
Region of Origin:United States

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Army of Occupation Medal Army of Occupation MedalObverseTypeService medalAwarded for30 or more consecutive days of duty in one of the occupied territories after World War II.[1]Presented byDepartment of War (later Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force)EligibilityPersonnel of the United States Army and United States Air ForceClaspsGermany JapanStatusInactiveEstablished5 April 1946[2]First awarded2 April 1947[2]Last awarded2 October 1990 Service ribbon and campaign streamer The Army of Occupation Medal was a military award of the United States military which was established by the United States War Department on 5 April 1946.[2] The medal was created in the aftermath of the Second World War to recognize those who had performed occupation service in either Germany, Italy, Austria, Japan or Korea.[3] The original Army of Occupation Medal was intended only for members of the United States Army, but was expanded in 1948 to encompass the United States Air Force shortly after that service’s creation. The Navy and Marine equivalent of the Army of Occupation Medal is the Navy Occupation Service Medal, which features the same ribbon with its own medallion and clasps.History[edit]Although authorized in 1946, it was not until 1947 that the first Army of Occupation Medals were distributed. The first medal was presented to General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower, who had been the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force Commander during World War II.[2]Because of the legal status of West Berlin as an occupied territory, the Army of Occupation Medal was issued for forty-five years until the unification of Germany in 1990, making it one of the longest active military awards of both the Second World War and the Cold War.In addition, some recipients of the award were born two generations after the end of the conflict which the medal was designed to represent. Much like the National Defense Service Medal, the Army of Occupation Medal has come to be considered a “multi-generational” award.Although 30 days in West Berlin was a requirement for issuing the award, it was not unusual for supply sergeants to issue it along with other unit insignia and equipment. If the soldier questioned it, he would be told “You aren’t going anywhere for 30 days! Just wait to put it on your uniform.”Criteria[edit]To be awarded the Army of Occupation Medal, a service member was required to have performed at least thirty consecutive days of military duty within a designated geographical area of military occupation. The Army of Occupation Medal was presented with a campaign clasp, denoting either European or Asian service, depending on the region in which occupation service had been performed. Campaign clasps were worn on the full-sized medal only with no corresponding device when wearing the Army of Occupation Medal as a ribbon on a military uniform.[4]In addition to the Germany clasp, for those service members who performed 92 consecutive days of military duty during the Berlin Airlift in 1948 and 1949, the Berlin Airlift Device is authorized as a device to the Army of Occupation Medal.[5] (If further eligible, persons could also be awarded the Medal for Humane Action.)Germany clasp[edit]Germany (9 May 1945 to 5 May 1955)[1]Austria (9 May 1945 to 27 July 1955)[1]Italy (9 May 1945 to 15 September 1947)[1]West Berlin (9 May 1945 to 2 October 1990)[1]Japan clasp[edit]Japan (3 September 1945 to 27 April 1952)[1]Korea (3 September 1945 to 29 June 1949)[1]Appearance[edit]The reverse side of the medalThe medal is bronze measuring 1.25 inches across. On the obverse, are the abutments of the Remagen Bridge with the words “ARMY OF OCCUPATION” inscribed above. On the reverse, is Mount Fuji with a low-hanging cloud over two Japanese junks above a wave and the inscribed date “1945”. A bronze clasp 0.125 inches wide and 1.5 inches in length with the word “GERMANY” or “JAPAN” is worn on the suspension ribbon of the medal to indicate service in Europe or the Far East. The ribbon is 1.375 inches wide with two thin white stripes at the edges and two thicker stripes in the middle, the first being black and the second in scarlet.[2] A myth was that if a soldier served in Germany the ribbon’s black band was worn to his right and if in Japan the red was to his right. The only approved display was for the black band to be to the wearer’s right.American military gliders[edit]See also: List of military aircraft of the United_States § GliderUnited States Army, Army Air Forces, and Air Force[edit]Major General Henry “Hap” Arnold, Acting Deputy Chief of Staff for Air (becoming Commanding General of the United States Army Air Forces on March 9, 1942), initiated a study with view to develop a glider capable of being towed by aircraft. This directive was set into motion through Classified Technical Instructions (CTI-198 on 24 February 1941, and CTI-203 on 4 March 1941), which authorized the procurement of 2-, 8-, and 15-place gliders and equipment. Eleven companies were invited to participate in the experimental glider program, but only four responded with any interest, Frankfort Sailplane Company (XCG-1, XCG-2), Waco Aircraft Company (XCG-3, XCG-4), St. Louis Aircraft Corp. (XCG-5, XCG-6), and Bowlus Sailplanes (XCG-7, XCG-8). Only Waco Aircraft Company was able to deliver the experimental glider prototypes that satisfied the requirements of Materiel Command, the eight-seat Waco CG-3 (modified to become a production nine-seat glider) and the fifteen-seat Waco CG-4. In October 1941, Lewin B. Barringer was made Glider Specialist, Air Staff, HQ of the Army Air Forces, answering to General Arnold, and placed in charge of the glider program. The shock of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 prompted the United States to set the number of glider pilots needed at 1,000 to fly 500 eight-seat gliders and 500 fifteen-seat gliders. The number of pilots required was increased to 6,000 by June 1942.[2] After Barringer was lost at sea on a flight to Africa in January 1943, the program came under direction of Richard C. du Pont.[4] Bigger gliders, such as the 30-troop Waco CG-13A and the 42-troop Laister-Kauffman CG-10A were designed later.[5]A U.S. Army film describing the use of military gliders during Operation MarketDuration: 1 minute and 51 seconds.1:51Subtitles available.CCThe most widely used type was the Waco CG-4A, which was first used in the invasion of Sicily in July 1943 and participated in the D-Day assault on France on 6 June 1944, and in other important airborne operations in Europe, including Operation Market Garden in September 1944 and the crossing the Rhine in March 1945, and in the China-Burma-India Theater. The CG-4A was constructed of a metal and wood frame covered with fabric, manned by a crew of two and with an allowable normal cargo load of 3,710 lb,[2] allowing it to carry 13 combat-equipped troops or a jeep or small artillery piece. The CG-10 could hold 10,850 lb of cargo, such as two howitzers, at a time.[2] The final glider mission of the war was at Luzon on 23 June 1945. By the end of the war, the United States had built 14,612 gliders of all types and had trained over 6,000 glider pilots. The designs of the Waco Aircraft Company were also produced by a wide variety of manufacturers including Ford Motor Company and Cessna Aircraft Company as well as furniture, piano and coffin manufacturers.[2][6]Following World War II, the United States maintained only one regiment of gliders. Gliders were used in military exercises in 1949, but glider operations were deleted from the United States Army’s capabilities on 1 January 1953.[2] However, the United States Air Force continues to use sailplanes at the United States Air Force Academy to train cadets in the fundamentals of flight.[7]

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